{"id":8161,"date":"2026-01-12T04:55:04","date_gmt":"2026-01-12T04:55:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/jurnalist24.uz\/?p=8161"},"modified":"2026-01-12T04:56:13","modified_gmt":"2026-01-12T04:56:13","slug":"behbudiy-ijodida-teatr-sanati","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jurnalist24.uz\/?p=8161","title":{"rendered":"Behbudiy ijodida teatr san’ati"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u201cTeyotr \u2014 ibratnomadur… Hech kimni rioya qilmasdan to\u2018g\u2018ri <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

so\u2018zlaguvchi va ochiq haqiqatni bildiruvchidir… Umumiy odatlarni nafi va <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

zararidan paydo bo\u2018laturg\u2018on natijalarni teatrxonada aynan ko\u2018rsaturlarki, <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

har kim mundan ta\u2019sirlanib, yomon odatlarni tark etib, yaxshilikni ziyoda <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

ishlamoqg\u2018a sabab bo\u2018lur… teyotr xonalari masxarabozxona bo\u2018lmay, balki <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

ibratxonadur, mushaxxis-aktyor muallimi axloqdurlar<\/em><\/strong>\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n

Behbudiy ijodini keng ko’lamda o’rganar ekanmiz, uning adabiyotdagi, jadidchilik harakatlari va shu bilan bir qatorda teatr san’atiga katta hissa qo’shgani haqida aytish lozim.<\/p>\n

Ma’rifatparvarimiz ilk o’zbek adabiyotidagi tragedik dramani yozish orqali adabiyotda «katta portlash» qildi va ilk teatr san’atidagi peshqadamlikni qo’liga oladi. 1914-yil 27-fevralida Toshkent Yangi shahridagi «Kolizey» teatrining 2000 kishilik tomoshaxonasida kech soat yettida \u00abmusulmon jamiyati imdodiyasi foydasig\u2018a\u00bb Toshkent teatr havaskorlari rasman o\u2018z spektakllari namoyishini boshlaydilar. Spektakl o\u2019z maishatiga o\u2019ralib dunyoni unutgan millatdoshlarga chaqmoqdek\u00a0 ta\u2019sir etdi. Unda boy rolini Abdusalom Abdurahim o\u2019g\u2019li o\u2019ynagan edi. Ilk parda ochilishidan avval sahnaga Munavvar qori Abdurashidxonov chiqib, teatrning \u00abibratxona\u00bb ekani, unga yengil-yelpi qaramaslik, aktyorlar esa \u00abbir tabibi hoziq misoli\u00bb ekanliklaridan qisqacha va\u2019z so\u2018ylab, butun jamoani buyuk madaniy hodisa bilan tabrik etadi.\u00abPadarkush\u00bbning Toshkent truppasi tomonidan sahnalashtirilishi kutilgandan ko\u2018ra a\u2019loroq natijalar berdi. Bu voqea Turkistondagi shu davrda mavjud bo\u2018lgan barcha matbuot nashrlarida yoritilgan edi.(Shuhrat Rizayev, «Jadid dramasi» 1997-yil 63-64-betlar)<\/p>\n

«Padarkush» dramasi haqiqattan jamiyat muammosini, davr inqilobini keng yoritdi. Behbudiy o’z asari bilan xalqni uyg’otmoqchi, unga «ozodlik suvi»ni ichirmoqchi bo’layotgan edi. Davr shu darajada chigal, ayanchli ediki, insonlar tahlikada, bolalar savodsiz, xalq kambag’alashib borayotgan edi… Behbudiy ana shularni barchasini birgina fojiali asarida jamladi.<\/p>\n

«Padarkush» nomini eshitganda «ota qotili» hayolimizga keladi. Aslida, aybdor farzandmi yoki ota?! Mana shunday ilmoqli savollarni tomoshabin, albatta, spektaklni ko’rgandan so’ng, o’ziga berishi tabiiy. Jamiyatdagi mana shunday «ichi bo’shlar» butun xalqni isnodga olib kelishiga kim kafolat bera olardi?! Davr muammosi bo’lgan savodsizlik yoki uquvsizlik, qaysidur ma’noda hozir ham yo’q emas. «Padarkush» orqali befarq ota-onalarning ayanchli farzandlarining hayoti ular uchun oyandek ko’rsatilgan. Haa albatta, har qanday namkyish etilayotgan sahna asari ko’rayotgan tomoshabin uchun ko’zgu vazifasini o’tashi kerak. Ayni mana shu maqsadni oliy darajada «Padarkush» davrlar silsilasida bajarib keldi.\u201cPadarkush\u201d asariga amerikalik olim Eduard Allvord tomonidan berilgan talqin esa yanada chuqurroq ma\u2019no qatlamlarini ochib beradi. Uning fikricha, dramadagi ismlar oddiy emas, balki har biri muayyan timsol va kinoyaviy ma\u2019no yuklangan belgilar sifatida xizmat qiladi. Masalan, bosh qahramon Toshmurod ismi \u201ctosh\u201d (qattiqlik) va \u201cmurod\u201d (niyat) so\u2018zlaridan tashkil topgan bo\u2018lib, u qahramonning toshdek sovuqqon va qat\u2019iy xarakterini ifodalaydi. Uning do\u2018sti Tangriqul esa nomiga zid tarzda Xudoning irodasiga qarshi borib, inson hayotiga tajovuz qiladi. Nor esa \u201colov\u201d, \u201cdo\u2018zax\u201d ma\u2019nolarini ifodalovchi ism bo\u2018lib, dramadagi yomonliklar manbai sifatida yoritiladi. Davlat esa nomi boylikni anglatgan bo\u2018lsa-da, amalda 3-4 so\u2018mga zor, kambag\u2018al bir yigitdir \u2014 bu esa o\u2018tkir kinoya orqali yashirin fikrni yuzaga chiqaradi. Shuningdek, Xayrullo obrazi ezgulik timsoli bo\u2018lib, boyga sadoqat bilan xizmat qiladi. Liza esa axloqsizlik va ma\u2019naviy buzuqlik ramzi bo\u2018lib, u boshqa millat vakillari orasida uchraydigan qahramonlar qatoridan joy olgan. Asarda arman millatiga mansub mayxonachining mavjudligi ham Turkistondagi real ijtimoiy muhitni aks ettiradi \u2013 ya\u2019ni iqtisodiy ustunlik boshqa millatlar qo\u2018lida bo\u2018lgan, o\u2018zbek xalqi esa mehnatkash, aksariyat vaqtini dalada ishlab o\u2018tkazayotgan xalq sifatida tasvirlanadi.(Allworth, Edward A., The Modern Uzbeks: From The Fourteenth Century to The<\/p>\n

Present A Cultural History, Hoover Institution Press, Standford, 1990.)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 A.Qodiriy 1919-yili \u201cBizda teatru ishining borishi\u201d maqolasida: \u201cPadarkush\u201d risolasi\u00a0 Turkistonning umuman, dearli har bir katta-kichik shaharlarinda mavqi\u02bc tomoshaga qo\u2018yilub, yoshlarimiz uchun bir daraja teatru maqsadi onglashilur. Mana shundan so\u2018ng bizda teatr masalasi bosh ko\u2018tarib, yarim \u2013 yorti teatr risolalari yoza boshlaymiz.(Qodiriy A. Bizda teatru ishining borishi\/\/ \u201cIshtirokiyun\u201d gazetasi, 1919 yil 11 dekabr, 239-soni). \u00abTeatr nadur?\u00bb degan maxsus\u00a0 \u00a0maqolasida sahna san\u2019ati xususidagi fikr-mulohazalarini bayon qilar ekan, jumladan, teatr millat taraqqiyotining yetakchi omillaridan biri bolib, ilgor mamlakatlarda odob va ibratdan dars beruvchi maktab, yaxshini yomondan ajratuvchi elaksifat torozu, oqigandan, eshitgandan kora zorroq taassurot qoldiruvchi tomosha maskani, unda faoliyat korsatuvchi ijrochi-aktyorlar masxarabozlardan tubdan farq qiluvchi axloq muallimlari bolib, rivoj topgan yurtlarda oliy tabaqaga mansub kishilar qatoridagi hurmat-e\u2019tibori ikki barobar baland kishilar ekanini uqtiradi.<\/p>\n

\u00abTeatr oyinadurki, umumiy hollarni, anda mujassam va namoyon suratda kozliklar korub, kar-quloqsizlar eshitib, asarlanur (taassurot olur \u2013 T.T.). Xulosa, teatr va\u2019z va tanbeh etguvchi hamda zararli odat, urf va taomilni, qabih va zararini\u00a0 \u00a0ayonan korsatguvchidir. Hech kimni rioya qilmasdan togri so`ylaguvchi va\u00a0 \u00a0ochiq haqiqatni bildirguvchidir\u00bb,\u2013 degan xulosaga keladi.(«Oyina» 1914-yil, 23-son 356-bet)<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Xulosa qilib aytilsa, Mahmudxo’ja Behbudiy o’z zamonasining yetuk mutaxassisi sifatida ham adabiyot orqali, ham teatr orqali xalqning chigal bo’lgan g’oyalar zanjirini uzish va barrala uyg’onish haqidagi o’z fikrlarini yetkazish edi. Uning salmoqli ijodi haligacha o’rganilar ekan, birgina adabiyot sohasida yoki teatr sohasida katta yutuqlarga erishib qolmay, yana unga yondosh bo’lgan boshqa yo’nalishlarda ham barakali ijod qilganini yillar davomida ochilayotganini ko’rishimiz mumkin.<\/p>\n

Foydalanilgan adabiyotlar ro\u2019yhati:<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Allworth, Edward A., The Modern Uzbeks: From The Fourteenth Century to The Present A Cultural History, Hoover Institution Press, Standford, 1990.)<\/strong><\/li>\n
  2. Qodiriy A. Bizda teatru ishining borishi\/\/ \u201cIshtirokiyun\u201d gazetasi, 1919 yil 11 dekabr, 239-soni<\/strong><\/li>\n
  3. .»Oyina» 1914-yil, 23-son 356-bet)<\/strong><\/li>\n
  4. Rizayev Sh. Jadid dramasi. \u2013 T.: \u201cSharq\u201d.- B.63-64 (Rizayev Sh. Jadid drama).<\/strong><\/li>\n
  5. Tursunboyev. Teatr tarixi. Oquv qo\u2018llanma.\u2014 T.: O\u2018MKHTM, \u00abBilim\u00bb, 2005.\u2014 288bet.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

    O’zJOKU 2-kurs talabasi Izzatilla Zohidjonov<\/strong><\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    \u201cTeyotr \u2014 ibratnomadur… Hech kimni rioya qilmasdan to\u2018g\u2018ri so\u2018zlaguvchi va ochiq haqiqatni bildiruvchidir… Umumiy odatlarni nafi va zararidan paydo bo\u2018laturg\u2018on natijalarni teatrxonada aynan ko\u2018rsaturlarki, har<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":8162,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[52],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8161","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-52"],"yoast_head":"\nBehbudiy ijodida teatr san'ati - Jurnalist24.uz<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/jurnalist24.uz\/?p=8161\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"uz_UZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" 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